p2 honors - 2nd Semester Final Exam 2023

Unit 3: Chromosomes

Carmen is several months pregnant. Her doctor would like to obtain cells from the fetus to analyze. Which process would allow this to happen?

Which chromosomes would be homologous?

Chromosome A contains genes for an eye color of hazel. 

Chromosome B contains genes for hair color of hazel.

Chromosome C contains genes for an eye color of blue. 

Answer the following questions by examining the karyotype below, taken from a whale.

The total number of autosomes in a diploid cell of a whale would be _____.

Answer the following questions by examining the karyotype below, taken from a whale.

The total number of chromosomes in a gamete cell of a whale would be _____.

Answer the following questions by examining the karyotype below, taken from a whale.

The total number of chromosomes in a cell made by mitosis would be _____.

Answer the following questions by examining the karyotype below, taken from a whale.

The total number of chromosomes inside a whale cell at the end of prophase would be _____.

Answer the following questions by examining the karyotype below, taken from a whale.

During meiosis, the total number of tetrads that would exist in a whale cell would be _____.

Which cellular process must have created the cell from which these chromosomes were obtained?

When a cell is performing its normal function, the DNA is in the form called __1__. During interphase, this DNA is copied and will eventually condense to form a unit called a __2__. Each unit contains two copies called __3__ that are connected by a __4__.

Which stage of the cell cycle cannot be found anywhere inside this picture?

In which picture would ligase bond Okazaki fragments onto the lagging strand of DNA?

Which picture shows a cell undergoing Anaphase?

During either mitosis or meiosis, which event(s) are happening in picture B? 

Pick all that apply.

During which stage(s) would muscle cells stretch and contract to cause movement? Pick all that apply.

What would happen if gametes were created by mitosis, instead of the normal meiosis?

__a__% of offspring receive an X chromosomes from their mother, while __b__% receive an X chromosome from their father.

What is the importance of crossing over in meiosis?

Mitosis and meiosis are two processes that can produce new cells in an organism. Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the new cells produced by each process?

For a mutation to affect the evolution of an animal species, it must occur in ____.

When a new mutation occurs in a somatic cell of a sexually reproducing organism, what percentage of the individual’s offspring are likely to inherit the mutation?

During the cell cycle, proteins called cyclins bind to enzymes that send signals for the cell to progress through stages of cell replication. At the end of this cycle, the cyclins degrade to prevent further signaling for the cell to divide. Uncontrolled production of cyclins will most likely result in —